NUEVAS PRUEBAS DETECTAN COVID-19 Y OTRAS PATOLOGÍAS RESPIRATORIAS EN 45 MINUTOS
Más de 70 instituciones de salud en Colombia ya realizan el llamado diagnóstico sindrómico, pruebas especializadas de biología molecular que detectan múltiples patógenos de forma simultánea.
Es frecuente que los pacientes infectados por COVID-19 ingresen a los centros hospitalarios con síntomas como dolor de garganta, fiebre, malestar general, tos seca, dolor de cabeza, dolor en el cuerpo, dificultad para respirar, pérdida del olfato.
Estos síntomas pueden asociarse, no solo a la enfermedad por COVID-19, sino a muchas otras patologías respiratorias como influenza, otras neumonías virales o bacterianas, tosferina, etc. De ahí la importancia de conocer si tiene o no coronavirus para implementar los tratamientos más adecuados en el menor tiempo.
Según el doctor José Millán Oñate, Presidente de la Sociedad Colombiana de Infectología, “diferenciar el Covid-19 de otros microorganismos (virus o bacterias) facilita el cerco epidemiológico y corta la cadena de transmisión al exigir el aislamiento estricto del paciente y ordenar o no su inmediata hospitalización. Así mismo, nos permite aplicar el tratamiento apropiado y ordenar algunos medicamentos que se utilizan para disminuir las complicaciones en coronavirus, pero que no se pueden utilizar en otros tipos de infecciones porque empeorarían el cuadro”.
“Si a lo anterior se suma que el laboratorio de microbiología convencional tiene limitaciones en cuanto a tiempos de entrega de resultados y capacidad de detección de estos microorganismos, las instituciones de salud requieren contar con tecnología de punta y disminuir sus tiempos de procesamiento de muestras”, indica el doctor Germán Esparza, docente de microbiología de la Universidad Javeriana.
Pruebas como Biofire FilmArray panel respiratorio RP2.1 tipo RT-PCR multiplex producida por la multinacional francesa bioMérieux, ya están disponibles en Colombia.
Esta detecta 18 virus incluyendo SARS-Cov-2 y 4 bacterias respiratorias de manera simultánea en sólo 45 minutos. La toma se realiza a través de la nariz (vía hisopado nasofaríngeo).
Es recomendada por el Consenso de la Asociación Colombiana de Infectología (ACIN) en pacientes hospitalizados, reconocida por el Instituto Nacional de Salud (INS) y habilitada por varias Secretarías Departamentales de Salud.
Además, su uso está incluido en las tarifas para urgencias, UCI y UCIN según resolución 1068 de 2020 bajo el código CUPS 90.8.8.59: “Identificación simultánea de múltiples patógenos por pruebas moleculares”.
En Colombia ya hay más de 70 instituciones que cuentan con dichas pruebas, entre éstas la Fundación Cardio Infantil, Centro Médico Imbanaco, la Fundación Valle del Lili, el Hospital Moncaleano, el Hospital San Ignacio, el Hospital Méderi, el Hospital General de Medellín, el Hospital Departamental de Nariño, Hospital Regional de la Orinoquia, entre otros.
Según el doctor Oñate, “este tipo de pruebas se diferencian de otras en que permiten tener una mirada más amplia de los microrganismos que ocasionan las infecciones respiratorias y además impactan positivamente en el uso racional de los antibióticos que son moléculas valiosas, pero no están exentas de efectos secundarios”.
Palabras relacionadas:COVID-19, diagnóstico sindrómico, pruebas especializadas de biología molecular, patógenos similares al COVID-19, pruebas de COVID-19, dolor de garganta, fiebre, malestar general, tos seca, dolor de cabeza, dolor en el cuerpo, influenza, neumonías virales o bacterianas, tosferina, Sociedad Colombiana de Infectología.
Fuente de informacion: http://www.elhospital.com/temas/Nuevas-pruebas-detectan-COVID-19-y-otras-patologias-respiratorias-en-45-minutos+135713?tema=10000031
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